Good luck with the Speaking Exam this afternoon and I hope you have all enjoyed the course! :)
Des.
CPE - BRITISH COUNCIL - SINGAPORE - 2011
Certificate of Proficiency in English - Cambridge ESOL Exams
Thursday, June 9, 2011
Classroom Thoughts
Use of Authority:
Related dictionary definitions
phrase
I have it on good authority (that)
Need only
He need only ask and he will receive a response. (Formal - Business setting?)
All he's got to do is ask and he will get an answer. (Neutral setting)
All he's got to do is ask and he will get an answer. (Neutral setting)
Need
Thanks to Florence who researched the use of Need
As an ordinary verb
As an ordinary verb need is used in the sense of ‘require’. It has the usual forms needs and needed. Ordinary need is followed by an infinitive with to.- One needs to be punctual.
- Everybody needs to be loved.
- He needed some more time to decide the question.
- Do you need to go now?
- I don't need to talk to him.
As an auxiliary verb
The auxiliary form of need is used mainly in questions and negatives. It is also used after negative words like hardly and only.- You need not work today.
- Need I go now?
- Need we reserve seats?
- He need only say what he wants and it will be granted.
- I need hardly add that you are always welcome.
- He need not wait. (NOT He needs not wait.)
- You need not come.
- Need I come again? (NOT Do I need come again?)
Points to be noted
The auxiliary need is mainly used to ask for or give permission. It is not used to talk about habitual or general things.- You need not work today. (Auxiliary - Particular occasion)
- You don't need to work on Sundays. (Ordinary - habitual thing)
- You need not pay for this call. (Auxiliary - Particular occasion)
- In most countries, you don't need to pay for emergency calls. (Ordinary - general thing)
- Need I wait any longer?
- Need he come again?
Need not + perfect infinitive
The structure need not + perfect infinitive can be used to say that somebody did something, but that was unnecessary.- They need not have come all this way. (= They came all this way, but it was not necessary.)
- We need not have waited for his approval. (= We waited for his approval, but that was not necessary.)
- You need not have bought a new car.
- You need not have paid for that call.
Compare:
- I need not have bought it. (=I bought it, but it was not necessary.)
- I didn't need to buy it. (=It was not necessary for me to buy it.)
Need + participle
In British English it is possible to use an –ing form after need. It means the same as a passive infinitive.- Your hair needs washing. (= Your hair needs to be washed.)
- The carpet needs cleaning. (= The carpet needs to be cleaned.)
- The roof needs repairing.
- You need your hair cutting/cut.
- You need your car cleaned.
Thursday, May 26, 2011
Grammar Exercises
This website should help you all with the areas you need to improve upon in your grammar
http://www.llas.ac.uk/materialsbank/mb061/index.htm
http://www.llas.ac.uk/materialsbank/mb061/index.htm
Tuesday, April 26, 2011
Classroom thoughts! :)
Page 115 Use of English
He was hours behind schedule, close to exhaustion and utterly alone, his companions having fallen far behind.
I spoke to another teacher and we agreed that in British English, when we have coordination clauses, that it's not possible to use had after a comma but the present participle needs to be used.
He was hours behind schedule, close to exhaustion and utterly alone, his companions having fallen far behind.
I spoke to another teacher and we agreed that in British English, when we have coordination clauses, that it's not possible to use had after a comma but the present participle needs to be used.
Phrasal Verbs
bring in
This is the British English definition of bring about. View American English
Close
present tense | |
I/you/we/they | bring in |
he/she/it | brings in |
present participle | bringing in |
past tense | brought in |
past participle | brought in |
Close
present tense | |
I/you/we/they | bring about |
he/she/it | brings about |
present participle | bringing about |
past tense | brought about |
past participle | brought about |
This is the British English definition of bring about. View American English
bring about
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